El ejercicio es medicina deportiva en jóvenes: entrenamiento neuromuscular integrado para optimizar el desarrollo motor y reducir el riesgo en las lesiones deportivas

Abstract

Regular participation in organized youth sports does not ensure adequate exposure to skill- and health-related fitness activities, and sport training without preparatory conditioning does not appear to reduce risk of injury in young athletes. Current evidence indicates the widespread increased participation in organized youth sports is resulting from participation at younger ages. Concomitant with the increased participation without adequate preparatory condition is a surge of sports related injuries in our younger populations. Emergent research recommendations now promote motor development, muscle strengthening and bone building activities for youth aged 6 and older. These recommendation along with increased involvement in competitive sport activities at younger ages, have influenced increased interest from parents, clinicians, coaches and teachers regarding the optimal age to encourage and integrate more specialized physical training into youth development programs to enhance physical fitness and reduce the risk of sports related injury. This review synthesizes the latest literature and expert opinion regarding when to initiate neuromuscular conditioning in youth and presents a how to integrative neuromuscular training conceptual model that could maximize the potential health-related benefits for children by reducing sports-related injury risk and encouraging lifelong regular physical activity.