Factores Fisiológicos Determinantes en Crossfit: Una Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The study of the factors that influence sports performance (intrinsic and extrinsic) is a subject usually investigated by training sciences in different sports disciplines, however, in Crossfit, which is a relatively new discipline, it is a subject with little scientific evidence, although not null. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to describe the main physiological and external indicators that have been studied in research regarding Crossfit performance. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A search of the proposed theme was carried out in the Scopus, SportDiscus and ScienceDirect databases, following the PRISMA guidelines. To guarantee the quality of the information included in the review, the modified assessment scale was applied, which groups 13 evaluation items in the categories. Finally, for the analysis and organization of the information, the included articles were submitted to the QDA miner lite (mixed methods qualitative data analysis software). RESULTS: Based on the evidence of the included studies, it was determined that the physiological factors studied in Crossfit performance can be classified into Biomarkers of the immune system, oxidative and antioxidant stress, glucose metabolism, muscle damage or inflammatory, hormonal, bone metabolism and cardiorespiratory. On the other hand, there are other factors that also report influence on performance in this sports discipline and can be called complementary factors, among which are nutritional, anthropometric, and perceived exertion by athletes. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The categorization and analysis proposed in the review helps to identify performance research trends in Crossfit, understand what are the physiological and external factors that have been studied to date and that possibly influence the performance of Crossfit athletes. this sport discipline. Researchers interested in this sports discipline are invited to include female, child and elderly population in their studies, since not much information is found, also study of these competing factors and exogenous factors such as motivations, environmental, the distribution of the tests and others that by nature will be presented only in spaces of a competitive nature.